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Last update: Oct 29 2010; 11:31` p.m. LAH
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zhi shi 枳 實
zhi ke 枳 殼
zhi shi is the immature fruit of citrus aurantium and other
varieties, while zhi ke is the mature fruit.
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| Pharmaceutical name: | Fructus Immaturus Citri Aurantii (zhi shi 枳 實) Fructus Citri Aurantii (zhi ke 枳 殼) |
| Biological name: | Citrus aurantium L. C. wilsonii Tanaka C. Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Rafin. |
| Pron. in Japanese: | kijitsu |
| Pron. in Korean: | chisil |
| Pron. in Cantonese: | ji shat |
| Common Name: | zhi shi: immature fruit of bitter orange zhi ke: mature fruit of bitter orange |
| Distribution: | Jiangxi, Sichuan, Hubei, Guizhou |
| Properties (characteristics) | bitter, sour, acrid, slightly cold, non-toxic 苦 |
| Channels entered: 歸經: | zhi shi enters spleen, stomach, and large intestine channels. zhi ke enters stomach and large intestine channels. 枳 實 枳 殼 |
| Actions & Indications: | Indigestion due to low function, bloating in abdomen and solar plexus constipation, diarrhea but difficult to expelfocal distention and fullness in the chest cough with abundance of phlegm prolapse of stomach, uterus and rectum. 氣滯食積、胸腹、脘腹脹滿、大便秘結、瀉痢不暢、裏急後重、胸痹結胸、痰多咳嗽、風痰眩暈、痰濕內阻、寒凝氣滯 |
| Medical Function: | (1) Raises blood pressure (2) Improves the strength of contraction and tension of the uterus (3) Diuretic (4) Stimulates the smooth muscle of the digestive tract (1)升血壓作用 |
| Chemical ingredients: | Click here to go to ingredient page. 按此到化學成份頁。 |
| Dosage: | Usual dosage is 3 to 10 g. Large dosage can be up to 15 g. 常用量3∼10克，大劑量可用至15克。 |
| Samples of formulae: | zhi shi da huang tang ( Jing Yue Xin Fang): jiang huo 6 g, dang gui 4 g , zhi shi 2 g, da huang 12 g (prepared with wine) for edema in ankles and feet.
da cheng qi tang (Shang Han Lun): da huang 16g, hou po 3g, zhi shi 8g, mang xiao 6g. for constipation with sensitive abdomen area dislike of applied pressure, fever with not chills, hallucination, dry and yellow tongue, sweating, strong and deep pulse, heat in all three warmers. 治濕滯腳氣﹕ 峻下熱結 |
| Modern Application: | being used in shocks. 用於休克 |
| Cautions: | do not use in case of qi deficiency, spleen and stomach deficiency (weak digestion ) or during pregnancy. |
Last update: Nov15, 2003, 6:50 p.m. RC
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