Pale or dark complexion, tiredness and likes to lie down, lack of strength, does not like physical activities, fat slippery tongue with oily look.

面色蒼白或暗淡，身重捲臥，倦怠無力，萎靡不振，舌質淡而胖 膩，舌苔潤滑

Red face, hot body, prefers cool, uneasiness, dry and cracked lips, dark red tongue with yellow fur, or even with cracks, or black and with spurs.

面色潮紅或通紅，身熱，喜涼，狂燥不安，口唇燥裂，舌質紅絳 ，苔色黃或老黃，甚則燥裂，或黑而生芒刺

Voice is weak, quiet and dislikes talking, weak breathing, short of breath.

語聲低微，靜而少言，呼吸祛弱，氣短。

Voice is strong and menacing, impatient, talkative, breathing is rough and fast with sound of phlegm, shouting and/or cursing.

語聲壯厲，煩而多言，呼吸氣粗，喘促痰鳴，狂言叫罵

Foul smelling feces, lack of appetite, uneasiness and not thirsty, or prefers warm beverages, urination is long and clear or short of urine.

大便氣腥臭，飲食減少，口中無味，不煩不渴，或喜熱飲，小便 清長或短少

Stool is hard or constipated, or with foul smell, does not like to eat, dry mouth, thirsty and wants to drink, urine is short and dark.

大便或硬或秘，或有奇臭，惡食，口乾，煩渴引飲，小便短赤

Stomach is painful and likes to be pressed, body and feet are cold, pulse is deep, thin, slow and weak.

腹痛喜按，身寒足冷，脈象沉微細澀弱遲無力

Stomach is painful and dislikes being pressed, body and feet are warm, pulse is large, floating,  fast, and slippery and strong.

腹痛拒按，身熱足暖，脈象浮洪數大滑實而有力

Warm and Cold Preferences

寒熱喜惡

Prefers warm and dislikes cold

惡寒喜熱

Prefers cold and dislikes warm

惡熱喜寒

Thirst

口渴

not thirsty

不渴

thirsty and likes cold drink

渴喜冷飲

color of face

面色

pale

白

red or pink

紅赤

limbs

四肢

cold

冷

hot

熱

feces

大便

loose

稀溏

rigid

秘結

urine

小便

light color and long duration

清長

dark and short duration

短赤

tongue

舌象

pale and with white coating

舌淡，苔白潤

red and with yellow coating

舌紅，苔黃

length of illness

病程

illness has been lasting for long duration

長(久病)

illness has been lasting for short duration

短(新病)

body type

體質

weak

必虛弱

strong

必粗壯

energy

精神

low and depressed

萎靡

excited

興奮

voice and breath

聲息

low voice and weak breath 聲低 息微

strong voice and strong breath 聲高息粗

pain

疼痛

likes being pressed

喜按

does not like being pressed

拒按

fullness in chest and abdomen

胸腹脹滿

not painful when pressed. Fullness comes and goes.

按之不痛，脹滿時減

painful when pressed. Fullness does not subside.

 按之疼痛，脹滿不減

temperature

發熱

chest, palms and soles are uncomfortably warm. Feverish in the afternoon.

五心煩熱，午後微熱

hot body

蒸蒸壯熱

chill

惡寒

chill sensation subsides when the body is covered or in a warm environment

得衣近火則解

chill sensation does not subside when the body

is covered or in a warm environment

添衣加被不減

tongue phenomenon

舌象

tongue has tender look. No fur or little fur.

質嫩，苔少或無苔

tongue has aged look and fur is thick and has an

oily look.

質老，苔厚膩

pulse phenomenon

脈象

weak

無力

strong

有力

heart qi deficient

心氣虛

palpitation, heaviness in chest area and short of breath, especially after physical activities, and instant sweating.

心悸怔忡，胸悶氣短，活動後加重，自汗

pale complexion, pale tongue with white fur, weak pulse

面色淡白，舌淡苔白，脈虛

heart yang deficient

心陽虛

cold limbs and dislikes coldness, angina pectoris, pale and dark complexion, fat and pale tongue with white and slippery fur, small and thin pulse.

畏寒肢冷，心痛，面色晃白或晦暗，舌淡胖苔白滑，脈微細

heart yang (cardiac function) abruptly dropping

心陽暴脫

sudden cold sweat, cold limbs, weak breathing, pale and green complexion, blue lips, dizzy or faint, bluish tongue, small and thin pulse as if expiring.

 突然冷汗淋漓，四肢厥冷，呼吸微弱，面色蒼白， 口唇青紫，神志模糊或昏迷。舌質淡紫青滑，脈微細欲絕。