Pharmaceutical name: 英文藥名﹕	Herba seu Radix cirsii Japonici
Botanical name: 學名﹕	Cirsium spicatus, Max.; C. japonicum DC
Pron. in Japanese: 日語發音﹕	taikei
Pron. in Korean: 韓語發音﹕	taegye
Pron. in Cantonese: 粵音﹕	taai6 gai3
Other Names: 別名﹕	prescription name: da ji, da ji cao, da ji gen, da ji tan, xian da ji. 處方名：大薊、大薊草、大薊根、大薊炭、鮮大薊
Common Name: 英文名﹕	Japanese thistle
Distribution: 產地﹕
Properties (characteristics)﹕ 性味﹕	sweet, cool. 甘，凉。
Channels (meridians) entered:   歸經﹕	liver, lung, speen, kidney. 肝，肺 ，脾，腎。
Medical functions: 藥理﹕
Actions & Indications: 主治﹕	for treatment of vomiting blood, nose bleeding, blood in urine, bleeding not during menses, vaginal discharge, pain in intestine, abscess in intestine, boils, carbuncles. 治吐血，衄血，尿血，血淋，血崩，帶下，腸風，腸癰，癰瘍腫毒，疔瘡。
Chemical ingredients: 化學成份﹕	Fresh leaves contain: 鮮葉含 pectolinarin, about 2.1% 6-甲氧基柳穿魚式(即大薊苷,pectolinarin)約2.1% 6,4'-dimethoxyscutellarein-7-rhamnoglucoside)\ 6，4'-二甲氧基黃芩素-7-鼠李葡萄糖苷 pectinarigenin: 柳穿魚素： 5,7’-dihydroxy-6,4'- dimethoxyflavone 5,7-二羥基-6,4'-二甲氧基黃酮 13-acetyl-amyrin 13-乙醯香樹脂醇 4-acetyl-taraxasterol 4-乙醯蒲公英出醇 32 cosanol 三十二烷醇 β-sitosterol β-谷甾醇 stigmasterol 豆甾醇 whole plant show reaction of alkaloid and evaporating oil 又據報導全草顯生物鹼及揮發油反應。
Dosage: 用量﹕	Taking orally as decoction:15 to 30 g. External application: use appropriate amount. Smash and apply to affected areas. 15～30克；外用鮮品適量，搗爛效患處。
Samples of formulae: 處方舉例﹕	shi tan san 十炭散
Modern Research: 現代研究﹕
Toxicity & Cautions: 毒素與禁忌﹕	Do not use in cases of pixu (spleen deficient) and without blood stasis. 脾虛而無血淤者忌服。